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Spiriva is an anticholinergic agent, it widens breathing passages and is used treat breathing difficulties caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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The list of pharmacological drugs includes a group of essential and vital drugs. Tiotropium bromide is one of these drugs, and no course of treatment for the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is complete without it. Additionally, it is used for other serious pathologies of the respiratory system.
What is Tiova Inhaler tiotropium bromide?
The chemical compound described is an antimuscarinic of prolonged (long-term) action. Tiotropium bromide is not always sold in pharmacies, the name of the drug may not sound like this; the main thing is that the active substance in the composition is the specified ingredient. It belongs to the section of M-cholinolytics, but it has the most pronounced effect in COPD therapy. Tiotropium bromide is sometimes defined as:
• antimuscarinic drug;
• bronchodilator;
• anticholinergic agent.
Tiova Inhaler-mechanism of action
Parasympathetic nerve fibers are responsible for most reactions in the body. Their endings are irritated by external factors, a corresponding signal is transmitted to the brain, and a response occurs, such as a muscle contraction or spasm. Receptors that perceive negative effects on nerve fibers, and blocks Tiotropium bromide, the duration of this "paralysis" is a day. Reaching the maximum concentration of the active substance in the blood occurs in about 30 minutes.
Tiotropium bromide is often used in the treatment of dangerous lung diseases, accompanied by respiratory spasm and obstruction (sharp narrowing). Many patients wonder whether it is hormonal or not. The answer to this question is negative. Tiotropium bromide is not a glucocorticoid. This is an M-cholinolytic that has the following additional effects:
• bronchial dilation;
• increased lung function;
• smooth muscle relaxation;
• reducing shortness of breath;
• increased lung volume;
• improved exercise tolerance;
• reducing the number of COPD relapses.
Tiova Inhaler-indications for use
The presented drug was developed specifically for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as long-term maintenance therapy. Due to the absence of glucocorticoid hormones in the drug, it is not addictive and can be used for months. Tiotropium bromide has additional indications:
• supportive therapy for emphysema;
• chronic bronchitis;
• asthma (to improve the quality of life and reduce the frequency of relapses).
Tiova Inhaler-contraindications
M-cholinolytic is considered to be safe. Cases when tiotropium bromide can not be used mainly concern intolerance:
• atropine and any of its derivatives (Oxytropis, ipratropium);
• lactose monohydrate, including glucose-galactose insufficiency;
• milk protein and other ingredients of the drug.
Tiova Inhaler is contraindicated in children (under 18 years of age) and pregnant women in the 1st trimester of gestation. You should experience caution prescribing the drug for such pathologies:
• prostatic hyperplasia;
• glaucoma;
• cervical obstruction of the bladder.
Tiotropium bromide-method of application
The most popular and frequently prescribed drug based on the described M-cholinergic antagonist is Tiova. Special devices are produced for the introduction of the active ingredient into the body. Their type and method of use depend on the form in which Tiotropium bromide is used, the dosage is selected individually (standard-1 capsule or 1 inhalation once a day) in accordance with the following criteria:
• type of damage to the respiratory system;
• disease severity;
• recurrence rate;
• the main course of therapy and interaction of the active component with the basic drug;
• age of the person.
Common use
Tiova Inhaler is a specific antagonist of muscarinic receptors with longterm action. It reversibly blocks receptors of M3 type in respiratory track which results in relaxation of smooth muscles of the bronchial tree. High affinity of the receptors and slow release of the inhibitor from the complex with M3 receptor stipulates prolonged local action of Tiovais. Bronholitic effect of the drug results of local action, dose and persisted for at least 24 hours. Effects of Tiova Inhaler depend on the dose and continues for 24 hours. The medication is used to treat bronchial spasms (wheezing) caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Dosage and direction
Tiova Inhaler comes as capsules with powder for inhalations with the HandiHaler inhalation device. Use the medication about the same time each day.
Precautions
Cautiousness is needed in treatment of patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, urination disorders caused by prostatic hypertrophy or obstruction of the bladder neck. Tiovais cannto be used for urgent blockage of a bronchial spasm. Avoid getting of the medication in eyes. Monitoring on a regular basis is needed in the patients with moderate and severe renal failure treated by Tiovais and medications which excreted by the kidneys. Inhaled medications may cause paradoxical bronchospasm and other reactions of such kind. Avoid administration of the medication if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Contraindications
Tiova Inhaler cannot be administered to the patients with hypersensitivity to the medication, atropine and its derivates (ipratropium and oxytropine). Use in adolescents under 18 years of age is not researched.
Possible side effects
Most common side effects include local reactions such as dry mouth, throat pain, coughing, paradoxical bronchospasm. Changes in accommodation if the medication got into the eyes. Allergic reactions (rash, swelling) are possible. In rare were observed cases short heart beat, acute glaucoma, difficulty urination in men with prostatic hypertrophy, constipation.
Drug interactions
Concomitant use of Tiova Inhaler with other anticholinergetic medications is not recommended.
Missed dose
If you forgot to take your dose in time, please do it as soon as you remember. But do not take if it is too late or almost time for your next dose. Do not increase your recommended dose. Take your doses at about the same time each day to avoid missing a dose.
Overdose
It was not reported about overdose if Tiova Inhaler was used in therapeutic doses. In case of considerable exceeding of the recommended dose symptoms associated with anticholinergetic properties of the medication are observed: reversible changes in accommodation, dry mouth. Acute poisoning is not likely due to low biological availability of the medication used as inhalations.
Storage
Store at room temperature away from moisture, sunlight, kids and pets in a tight container.
Disclaimer
We provide only general information about medications which does not cover all directions, possible drug integrations, or precautions. Information at the site cannot be used for self-treatment and self-diagnosis. Any specific instructions for a particular patient should be agreed with your health care adviser or doctor in charge of the case. We disclaim reliability of this information and mistakes it could contain. We are not responsible for any direct, indirect, special or other indirect damage as a result of any use of the information on this site and also for consequences of self-treatment.